?KRC4 ?KRC4
名人名言:看見大佛朝上拜,看見小佛踢一腳 - 民諺
7、我國建設(shè)智能電網(wǎng)具有哪些有利條件?
答:多年來,我國電力行業(yè)大力加強電網(wǎng)基礎(chǔ)建設(shè),同時密切關(guān)注國際電力技術(shù)發(fā)展方向,重視各種新技術(shù)的研究創(chuàng)新和集成應(yīng)用,自主創(chuàng)新能力快速提升,電網(wǎng)運行管理的信息化、自動化水平大幅提高,科技資源得到優(yōu)化,建立了位居世界技術(shù)前沿的研發(fā)隊伍和技術(shù)裝備,為建設(shè)智能電網(wǎng)創(chuàng)造了良好條件。
(1)在電網(wǎng)網(wǎng)架建設(shè)方面,網(wǎng)架結(jié)構(gòu)不斷加強和完善,特高壓交流試驗示范工程和特高壓直流示范工程成功投運并穩(wěn)定運行;全面掌握了特高壓輸變電的核心技術(shù),為電網(wǎng)發(fā)展奠定了堅實基礎(chǔ)。
(2)在大電網(wǎng)運行控制方面,具有“統(tǒng)一調(diào)度”的體制優(yōu)勢和豐富的運行技術(shù)經(jīng)驗,調(diào)度技術(shù)裝備水平國際領(lǐng)先,自主研發(fā)的調(diào)度自動化系統(tǒng)和繼電保護裝置獲得廣泛應(yīng)用。
(3)在通信信息平臺建設(shè)方面,建成了“三縱四橫”的電力通信主干網(wǎng)絡(luò),形成了以光纖通信為主,微波、載波等多種通信方式并存的通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)格局;SGl 86工程取得階段性成果,ERP、營銷、生產(chǎn)等業(yè)務(wù)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)已完成試點建設(shè)并開始大規(guī)模推廣應(yīng)用。
(4)在試驗檢測手段方面,已根據(jù)智能電網(wǎng)技術(shù)發(fā)展的需要,組建了大型風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)、太陽能發(fā)電和用電技術(shù)等研究檢測中心。
(5)在智能電網(wǎng)發(fā)展實踐方面,各環(huán)節(jié)試點工作已全面開展,智能電網(wǎng)調(diào)度技術(shù)支持系統(tǒng)、智能變電站、用電信息采集系統(tǒng)、電動汽車充電設(shè)施、配電自動化、電力光纖到戶等試點工程進展順利。
(6)在大規(guī)??稍偕茉床⒕W(wǎng)及儲能方面,深入開展了集中并網(wǎng)、電化學(xué)儲能等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究,建立了風(fēng)電接入電網(wǎng)仿真分析平臺,制定了風(fēng)電場接入電力系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)技術(shù)標準。
(7)在電動汽車充放電技術(shù)領(lǐng)域,我國在充放電設(shè)施的接入、監(jiān)控和計費等方面開展了大量研究,并已在部分城市建成電動汽車充電運營站點。
(8)在電網(wǎng)發(fā)展機制方面,我國電網(wǎng)企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)范圍涵蓋從輸電、變電、配電到用電的各個環(huán)節(jié),在統(tǒng)一規(guī)劃、統(tǒng)一標準、快速推進等方面均存在明顯的優(yōu)勢。時,電網(wǎng)可綜合利
8、什么是堅強智能電網(wǎng)?
答:堅強智能電網(wǎng)是以特高壓為骨干網(wǎng)架、各級電網(wǎng)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的堅強網(wǎng)強為基礎(chǔ),以通信信息平臺為支撐,具有信息化、自動化、互動化特征,包含電力系統(tǒng)的發(fā)電、輸電、變電、配電、用電和調(diào)度的各個環(huán)節(jié),覆蓋所有電壓等級,實現(xiàn)“電力流、信息流、業(yè)務(wù)流”的高度一體化融合的現(xiàn)代電網(wǎng)。
9、為什么必須以堅強為基礎(chǔ)來發(fā)展智能電網(wǎng)?
答:豎強的內(nèi)涵是指具有堅強的網(wǎng)架結(jié)構(gòu)、強大的電力輸送能力和安全可靠的電力供應(yīng)。堅強的網(wǎng)架結(jié)構(gòu)是保障安全可靠電力供應(yīng)的基礎(chǔ)和前提,強大的電力輸送能力,是與電力需求快速增長相適應(yīng)的發(fā)展要求,是堅強的重要內(nèi)容;安全可靠的電力供應(yīng)是經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和社會穩(wěn)定的前提和基礎(chǔ)。足電網(wǎng)堅強內(nèi)涵的具體體現(xiàn)。以堅強為基礎(chǔ)來發(fā)展智能電網(wǎng),可以提高電網(wǎng)防御多重故障、防止外力破壞和防災(zāi)抗災(zāi)的能力,能夠增強電網(wǎng)供電的安全可靠性:可以提高電網(wǎng)對新能源的接納能力,推動分布式和大規(guī)模新能源的跨越式發(fā)展;可以提高電網(wǎng)更大范圍的能源資源優(yōu)化配置能力,可充分發(fā)揮其在能源綜合運輸體系中的重要作用。所以,必須以堅強為基礎(chǔ)來發(fā)展智能電網(wǎng)。
10、為什么要建設(shè)以特高壓電網(wǎng)為骨干網(wǎng)架的堅強智能電網(wǎng)?
答:隨著國民經(jīng)濟的持續(xù)快速發(fā)展和人民生活水平的不斷提高,我國電力需求較快增長的趨勢在較長時間內(nèi)不會改變。同時,我國能源與生產(chǎn)力布局呈逆向分布,能源運輸形勢長期緊張。但目前我國電網(wǎng)發(fā)展相對滯后,在能源綜合運輸體系中的作用還不明顯。這些在客觀上要求加快轉(zhuǎn)變電力發(fā)展方式,提升電網(wǎng)大范圍優(yōu)化配置能源的能力,建設(shè)以特高壓電網(wǎng)
為骨干網(wǎng)架的堅強智能電網(wǎng)足滿足這一要求的必然選擇。
特高壓輸電具有遠距離、大容量、低損耗、高效率的優(yōu)勢,建設(shè)以特高壓電網(wǎng)為骨干網(wǎng)架的堅強智能電網(wǎng),能夠促進大煤電、大水電、大核電、大型可再生能源基地的集約化開發(fā)利用。同時,特高壓電網(wǎng)可以提升電網(wǎng)抵御突發(fā)性事件和嚴重故障的能力,進一步提高電力系統(tǒng)運行的可靠性和穩(wěn)定性,使堅強智能電網(wǎng)建設(shè)具備堅實的網(wǎng)架基礎(chǔ)。
因此,在堅強智能電網(wǎng)建設(shè)中,必須以特高壓電網(wǎng)為骨干網(wǎng)架,連接大型能源基地及主要負荷中心,以更好地保障國家能源供應(yīng)和能源安全,滿足經(jīng)濟社會快速發(fā)展的需要。
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